It is an oil-soluble ingredient primarily used in sunscreens as a UVA filter. It absorbs a wide range of UVA rays, protecting the skin from long-term sun damage.

It s a derivative of dibenzoylmethane and has the chemical structure of 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)propane-1,3-dione.

It offers high protection against UVA radiation, covering wavelengths between 320–400 nm, making it one of the most effective filters for long-wave UVA.

Formulators can stabilize it by combining it with UVB filters like Octocrylene or Ensulizole, and antioxidants like Vitamin E or certain encapsulation techniques.

It works synergistically with other UV filters like Octocrylene and Oxybenzone, enhancing the overall UV protection profile. However, it can be degraded by some UVB filters, such as Homosalate, unless stabilized.

Yes, it can be combined with physical sunscreens, although formulators must ensure compatibility to avoid destabilization or reduced efficacy of the product.

While generally considered safe for most users, it can cause sensitivity or irritation in some individuals, particularly in high concentrations or when exposed to sunlight without proper stabilization.

Emulsifiers chosen must ensure the even dispersion of it in both water-based and oil-based formulations. Compatibility with other UV filters and stabilization techniques must also be factored in.

It has been evaluated for safety by regulatory agencies like the FDA and is deemed safe when used within approved concentration limits. Long-term use in sun protection products is generally considered safe.

Combining it with other UVB filters like Octocrylene, Oxybenzone, or physical blockers like Zinc Oxide can enhance both UVA and UVB protection, thereby increasing the overall SPF value.